Ko ngā tohu matua kua whakatakotoria i roto i te Whakatakotoranga o te Mahere Rima-Tau 14, tae atu ki te kaha whakaputa pūngao whānui me te ōwehenga o te pūngao kore-pūmua, e tūmanakohia ana kia tutuki i runga i te wā kua whakaritea. Ka whakamanahia te haumarutanga pūngao o te neke atu i te 1.4 piriona tāngata. Kua arohia e te ao te whanaketanga matomato me te iti-waro o Haina, ā, kua noho te whenua hei kaiārahi matua o te whakawhiti pūngao o te ao. I roto i ngā kōrero e whai ake nei, ka whakamāramahia e au te ahunga whakamua me ngā whakatutukitanga i roto i ngā wāhanga matua e whā.
Tuatahi, ko te wā o te Mahere Rima Tau 14 e tohu ana i tētahi wā e rima tau te roa, e tohuhia ana e te nui o te tuku pūngao me te kaha ake o te manawanui. I roto i ngā tau tuatahi e whā o tēnei mahere, kua eke te pikinga o te whakamahinga pūngao a Haina ki te 1.5 ngā wā o te wā katoa o te Mahere Rima Tau 13. E matapaetia ana ka nui ake te whakamahinga hiko hou i roto i ngā tau e rima i te whakamahinga hiko ā-tau a te Kotahitanga o Ūropi. Kua tere ake tā mātou hanga i tētahi pūnaha whakaputa pūngao whānui, tuku, rokiroki, me te tohatoha hei whakatutuki i te hiahia pūngao e tere tipu haere ana. I te tau 2024, kua neke atu i te 10 trillion kilowatt-haora te whakaputa hiko ā-motu, e kī ana i te kotahi-tuatoru o te tapeke o te ao. Ko te tapeke o te whakaputanga pūngao he rite ki te 5 piriona tana o te waro paerewa, e tohu ana i te neke atu i te kotahi-rima o te tapeke o te ao, e whakarite ana i tētahi tuku pūngao pumau me te rawaka. I roto i ngā tau e rima kua pahure ake nei, kua tino pai ake te tohatoha rauemi pūngao. Ko te whatunga hanganga pūngao ā-motu, e toro atu ana mai i te rawhiti ki te hauauru, te raki ki te tonga, me te hono atu ki tāwāhi, kua tino pai ake. Nā tēnei i huri ai ngā painga rauemi i ngā rohe waenga me te hauauru hei painga whanaketanga, ā, kua whakaratohia he turanga pūngao pakari mō ngā kawanatanga ōhanga nui hei ārahi i te whanaketanga. I te rohe rawhiti, e 40% o te whakamahinga pūngao e ahu mai ana i ngā hongere tuku pūngao nui pēnei i te "Tuku Hiko mai i te Hauāuru ki te Rawhiti," te "Paipa Hauhanga mai i te Hauāuru ki te Rawhiti," me te "Waka Waro mai i te Raki ki te Tonga." Kua whakapakarihia e mātou te tuku hiko, te hinu, me te hau mō te oranga o te tangata, me te whakatairanga i te whakatau i ngā arai me te whakapakari tonu i te kaha ki te whakarite i te urunga atu ki te pūngao kāinga. I roto i te wā o te Mahere Rima-Tau 14, kua hangaia e Haina te whatunga utu waka hiko nui rawa atu o te ao, me ngā teihana utu e rua mō ia waka e rima, he mea whakapai ake i te whai wāhitanga o te marea. Kua kaha tā mātou urupare ki ngā āhuatanga taiao tino kino, me te whakahoki mai i te tuku pūngao i te tere tere rawa atu, me te tiaki i ngā arai pūngao nui mō te oranga o te tangata.
Tuarua, ko te wā o te Mahere Tau Rima-tau 14 te wāhanga tere rawa atu o te huringa matomato me te iti-waro. Kua whakatūria e Haina te pūnaha pūngao whakahou nui rawa atu me te tere tipu o te ao. Kua piki ake te ōwehenga o te pūngao whakahou i roto i te kaha whakaputa hiko mai i te 40% ki te 60%. Kua hipa haere ngā kaha hou kua tāutahia ā-tau mō te hau me te hiko photovoltaic i ngā tohu o te 100 miriona, 200 miriona, me te 300 miriona kirowati, ā, kua tutuki ngā pikinga whanaketanga nui. Kāore i kitea i mua te tere me te kaha o tēnei whanaketanga. Kei te neke haere te whakamahinga pūngao ki ngā pūtake matomato. I roto i te whakamahinga hiko katoa, kotahi i roto i ia toru kirowati-haora ka puta mai i te pūngao matomato. I te motu whānui, e matapaetia ana ka piki ake te ōwehenga o te pūngao kore-pūmua i roto i te whakamahinga pūngao katoa mā te 1 ōrau ia tau, neke atu i te whāinga 20% i whakatakotoria i te wā o te Mahere Tau Rima-tau 14. I taua wā, e matapaetia ana ka heke te wāhi o te waro mā te 1 ōrau ia tau. Ko tēnei ia rua o te whakanui ake i te pūngao ma me te whakaiti i te whakamahinga waro kua tino whakarei ake i te pumau o te whanaketanga ōhanga. I tēnei wā, kua whakaitihia e Haina ngā tukunga waro mā te tata ki te 4.1 piriona tāne puta noa i te ao e ngā kaweake o ngā hua hau me ngā hua photovoltaic, ā, he nui te takoha ki ngā whakawhiti waro-iti puta noa i te ao.
Tuatoru, kei te kitea i te wā o te Mahere Tau Rima 14 ngā whanaketanga nui i roto i te auahatanga pūtaiao me te hangarau pūngao. Ko Haina te kaiārahi o te ao i roto i ngā hangarau me ngā taputapu pūngao hou. Neke atu i te 40% o ngā mana pateni pūngao hou o te ao kei te pupuri i te whenua. Kua maha ngā wā i whakatakotohia ai e te pai o te hurihanga photovoltaic me te kaha o te tāhū hau moana ngā rekoata o te ao. I roto i ētahi tau, kua piki ake te rahinga o te rokiroki pūngao hou ki te tihi o te ao. Kua oti ngā kaupapa pēnei i te Teihana Hiko o Baihetan, ngā tipu hiko karihi tuatoru o te whakatipuranga "Hualong One," me te tauhohenga hau whakamatao-teitei o te whakatipuranga tuawhā, ā, kua whakamahia. I roto i te tūhuratanga hinu me te hau, kua mahia ngā whanaketanga i ngā hohonutanga neke atu i te 10,000 mita i raro i te whenua, me ngā taiao moana hohonu neke atu i te 1,000 mita i raro i te taumata moana. Ko ēnei "taputapu nui o te motu" e whakaatu ana i ngā kaha pūtaiao me te hangarau pakari o Haina. Kei te tupu haere ngā tauira pakihi me ngā momo hou. Kua tere te whanaketanga o ngā whatunga iti atamai me ngā tipu hiko mariko. Kei te tere haere te whakamātautau tono nui o te taunekeneke waka-ki-te whatunga. Kei te kaha haere te whakaurunga o te umanga pūngao ki ngā rāngai pēnei i te hanga me te kawe waka. Kei te puta tonu mai ngā mara hou me ngā ara whanaketanga, ā, ka noho hei puna matua mō te whakaputa hua hou.
Tuawhā, ko te wā o te Mahere Rima Tau 14 e tohuhia ana e te hohonu haere tonu o te whakahoutanga pūngao me te whakapakari tonu i te tere whanaketanga. Kua tere te hanganga o ngā tikanga whakahaere me ngā pūnaha kaupapa here. Kua tere ake te hanganga o tētahi mākete hiko ā-motu kotahi. Kua uru katoa mai te hiko waro me ngā puna pūngao hou ki te mākete, me te whai wāhi mai o ngā kaiwhakamahi ahumahi me ngā kaiwhakamahi arumoni katoa. Kua whakatūria tuatahitia te whatunga hinu me te hau ā-motu. Kua panuitia, kua whakatinanahia hoki te Ture Pūngao, e whakapai ake ana i ngā tikanga whakahaere whānui me te whakahaere ahumahi. Kei te tere ake te tukunga o te kaha o te mākete. Kua eke te maha o ngā hinonga pakihi kua rēhitatia i roto i te mākete hiko ki te 970,000, e rima ngā wā i tērā o te tau 2020. Tekau ngā tikanga hei whakatairanga i te whanaketanga o ngā umanga pūngao tūmataiti kua whakaurua. Ko te nuinga o ngā umanga hanga taputapu photovoltaic me te neke atu i te 60% o ngā umanga hanga tāwhana hau he tūmataiti. I roto i ētahi kaupapa hiko karihi, kei te pupuri ngā umanga tūmataiti i te 20% o ngā hea. E kitea ana kua noho ngā umanga tūmataiti hei kaha nui ki te whakatairanga i te huringa me te whakahoutanga o te umanga pūngao.
Mai i te tīmatanga o te Mahere Rima-Tau 14, i te aroaro o ngā āhuatanga uaua me te whanake haere o te pūngao ā-rohe me te ao, kua tiakina e Haina tōna haumarutanga pūngao, ā, kua hangaia he ara Hainamana ki te whanaketanga pūngao kounga teitei, e tuku ana i tētahi tauira whai hua mō te whakawhiti pūngao o te ao.
Wā tuku: 28 o Ākuhata-2025